has received consulting fees on behalf of Newcastle University from 89bio, Akero, Alimentiv, AstraZeneca, Axcella, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Galmed, Genentech, Genfit, Gilead, GlaxoSmithKline, Hanmi, HistoIndex, Intercept, Inventiva, Ionis, IQVIA, Janssen, Madrigal, Medpace, Merck, NGMBio, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, PathAI, Pfizer, Pharmanest, Poxel, Prosciento, Resolution Therapeutics, Ridgeline Therapeutics, Roche, RTI, Shionogi and Terns Pharmaceuticals
In addition, proteomic studies highlight the complex interplay between depression and comorbid conditions such as diabetes, emphasizing the importance of accounting for a patients overall health status during diagnosis and treatment planning [448]
For example, Zepbound is being tested as a Long Covid Treatment in a trial that began in Nov 2025 (60-90% saw symptoms improve so far!) [18] Gut Health SUMMARY: Despite the digestive side effects some people experience early on, GLP-1 may actually support gut health by reducing intestinal inflammation, improving gut barrier function, and helping rebalance the gut microbiome
So, for someone with a BMI above 30, or who has co-morbidities like sleep apnea or high cholesterol, doctors can prescribe Ozempic off-label since it addresses those issues